For the first time in the history of North America’s top-grossing films, gender equality has been achieved in lead roles, according to the University of Southern California’s Annenberg Inclusion Initiative (AII). In 2024, 54 out of the top 100 films featured female leads or co-leads, a substantial increase from 30 in 2023 and a significant milestone compared to 2007 levels. Notably, three of the top five movies, among them Disney/Pixar’s Inside Out 2, had female protagonists, illustrating the industry’s pivot towards more inclusive gender representation onscreen.
The data revealed that Universal Pictures led the way, with 66.7% of its leading roles filled by women, followed closely by Warner Bros at 55.6%, and Lionsgate at 54.5%. In contrast, Sony Pictures lagged with only 38.5% of its lead roles occupied by female characters. Various stakeholders, including advocacy groups and studios, have made concerted efforts to promote gender equality. Dr. Stacy L. Smith, co-writer of the study and founder of AII, emphasized the economic viability of female-led films which has propelled advocacy and policy changes in the industry. This marked progress substantiates that audiences are receptive to and supportive of diverse storytelling that includes strong female characters.
Underrepresentation of Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Despite this achievement in gender equality, the representation of racial and ethnic minorities in leading roles continues to lag. While the strides in female representation are commendable, the industry still faces challenges in reflecting the diverse racial and ethnic makeup of its audience. This underrepresentation highlights the ongoing need for more inclusive casting and production practices that accurately reflect the society’s diversity in North America’s highest-earning films.
