On January 13, 2022, the United State Supreme Court upheld the Department of Health and Humans Services (“HHS”) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) COVID-19 vaccine mandate for staff working at Medicare-participating health care facilities. HHS/CMS had issued an interim final rule on November 5, 2021, that incorporated a vaccine mandate into the health and safety regulations (e.g., conditions and requirements of participation) that apply to 15 types of facilities and agencies that participate in Medicare. The interim rule required these facilities and agencies to adopt policies and procedures mandating COVID-19 vaccination for all staff, except in cases of religious or medical exemption or delay, by stated deadlines.